Transhumanism, Eugenics & Ethical Controversies

In this modern era, there is only minimal scientific knowledge is needed to be taken into consideration, and we're frequently searching for technological methods to improve our lives. In these ways, here comes the term ”Transhumanism”. So, now you may be wondering, What is Transhumanism? ‘’Transhumanism is a philosophical movement that advocates using technology to enhance human functionality’’. 

According to this, the human condition (positive and negative factors) and capabilities can be improved by employing current and advanced technologies such as Genetic Engineering, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and cryonics. Today, Transhumanists believe that utilizing these technologies will enable humans to reverse, slow, and prevent the aging process, which will result in higher life spans, cognitive powers, and sensory capabilities.

History of Transhumanism

In 1957, Julian Huxley, an English philosopher, and biologist popularized the term transhumanism in his article of a similar name. Huxley believed that social institutions may now supersede human evolution in developing and refining human beings. In the twenty’s Silicon Valley titans such as Google co-founder Larry Page, Tesla's Elon Musk, and Amazon's Jeff Bezos, have all provided strong favor for transhumanism.

How Transhumanism is Broader Than Eugenics?

Eugenics is the study of the scientific immoral theory that provides advocacy for selectively mating humans with specific favorable hereditary traits in order to improve the human species. It purposes to eliminate human suffering by "breeding out" diseases, undesirable traits, and impairments in the human population. The earlier believers of eugenics claimed that mental illness, poverty, and even criminal inclinations, were inherited traits that could be bred out of the gene pool to improve human powers.

Advanced eugenics, which is also known as human genetic engineering, has been evolving rapidly in both ethical and technical ways and promises to assist in the treatment of many hereditary diseases. But transhumanism is broader than eugenics because it aims to do all conceivable modifications to the biological foundation of humans, not simply genetic engineering connected with reproduction.

What Attributes Can Be Improved by Transhumanism Technology?

There are the following attributes that can be enhanced by utilizing transhumanism technology:

• Human Intelligence

• Longevity

• Happiness

• Virtues

• Perceptual Capacities

• Memory

• Sensory Modalities

• Increased Life Span

• Physical Strength

• Moral Behavior

Some transhumanists believe that in the future Transhumanism can be served as genetically modified designer babies, physical and cognitive integration with technology, interplanetary colonization, or hostile robots intent on global dominance.

However, be aware that the immature forms of these high technologies, as well as many others, are already present. We are using IVF embryo PGD screening to treat genetic illness, and we are utilizing our computers and smartphones as extensions of our thoughts, and we already have mapping probes and space stations beyond Earth.

Reasons for Transhumanism Agenda

The following are the reasons that justify human enhancement by transhumanism:

1. The positive effects of the transhumanism agenda come from a large anti-paternalistic perspective that agrees with the premise of personal autonomy. People should have the independence to alter their own bodies as per their choice.

2. The other reason justifies accountability rather than freedom. Duty can be separated into practical and moral obligations. 

Major Ethical Controversies of Transhumanism 

Science and religion regularly clash with beliefs and aspirations. Early opposition to transhumanism was based on the consternation that technology may be exploited for radical augmentation. The concept that some aspects of transhumanism may be regarded as "playing God" or even "taking the place of God" in some way is a hot subject nowadays. 

• It is widely recognized that at least some of the technologies outlined are powerful enough to gain some improvement goals in the near future, despite the fact that transhumanists are unduly enthusiastic about the actual application of technology to radical change.

• The most popular vocal critiques of the movement are fears that transhumanism technology would exacerbate societal disparities.

• Some ardent opponents of transhumanism believe it poses a threat to morality. Because they have a belief that morality is intrinsically tied to the particular vulnerability that is inherent in human nature.

• Another impact of transhumanism might be that transhumans start to think of themselves as gods when they become more and more perfect with enhancement. 

It is understandable that the religious community steers clear of transhumanism, given these unfavorable outcomes and evident ethical conundrums.